Tribology is the study and application of the principles of friction, lubrication, and wear between two surfaces in relative motion. In linear bearing systems, those two surfaces are the bearing element and the guide raceway. Friction and wear The term “wear” generally refers to deterioration, but when discussing tribology principles in relation to bearings, it refers […]
What are hexapod robots (also referred to as Stewart platforms)?
Multi-axis systems can be designed and built with either serial kinematics or parallel kinematics. In systems built on the principle of serial kinematics, one axis sits on top of another axis, and each axis is driven individually, independent of the others. Cartesian robots are a good example of serial kinematic design. In parallel kinematic systems, multiple axes […]
What are some options for quieter chain operation?
Chain and sprocket drives are a traditional power transmission/motion technique. In general such drives tend to perform admirably well in harsh environments and feature high wear resistance and fatigue strength. Among one of the persistent down sides is the noise generated by chain and sprocket systems. There are a few common causes of noise in […]
What is a Cartesian robot?
We’ve written several articles on this site about Cartesian robots, but let’s take a step back and define exactly what makes a robot a Cartesian robot, as opposed to another type of robot or multi-axis system. First, a Cartesian system is one that moves in three, orthogonal axes — X, Y, and Z — according to […]
What is a direct drive motor?
A direct drive motor is any motor — rotary or linear —in which the load is connected directly to the motor, without mechanical transmission elements such as gearboxes or belt and pulley systems. In other words, the motor directly drives the load. Direct drive rotary motors Rotary direct drive motors are often referred to as […]
Low-profile linear stepper motor stage from H2W Technologies
The LSS-016-04-006-01A-ME is one of a revolutionary new series of low-profile linear stepper motor positioning stages that integrates an absolute linear encoder and a single-axis linear stepper motor stage. This enables the linear stepper motor stage to operate as a 2-phase brushless linear motor when coupled with motion control electronics provided by H2W Technologies (H2W). […]
SKF LLT profile rail guides designed to suit a wide range of applications
SKF LLT profile rail guides from SKF Motion Technologies, Inc. have been uniquely designed to deliver smooth running performance, high precision and accuracy, and long service life with minimal maintenance for a wide range of linear guiding applications. LLT guides have the ball circuits placed in an X-arrangement, which optimizes load sharing in all four […]
How does the number of stator phases affect stepper motor performance?
Stepper motors move in discrete steps when current is applied to coils in the stator. The size of the step is determined, in part, by the number of phases in the stator. In general, the more stator phases, the smaller the basic step angle and the higher the motor’s resolution. Stepper motors come in three basic types […]
SUPERWURM worm farm uses motion components from igus
One automated worm farm in Germany to breed and grow worms includes machines to continuously lift, transport, release, stack, drill, and spray giant red worms called dendrobena. Duren-based SUPERWURM uses robots and automated guided vehicles (AGVs) until the worms are ready for sale to fishermen, as food for animals, and as natural fertilizer for gardens […]
How to specify linear motion components for vacuum applications
Vacuum applications are common in the manufacturing of semiconductors, liquid crystal and plasma displays, fiber optics, and aerospace components, where linear motion systems are used for the positioning, handling, and alignment of critical equipment. Although vacuum applications are often likened to cleanroom applications, in the category of “special environments,” there is a critical difference between […]
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